You can easily double-hit the cue ball and still impart backspin.
Here is a good slo-mo video which shows how...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubbAzu_sCS4
The shot in the OP's video is a foul because the angle taken was not fine enough.
BCAPL Rule 1-30.2
It is a foul if your cue tip is still in contact with the cue ball when the cue ball strikes an object ball. However, such a stroke may be considered legal if the object ball is legal and cue ball strikes it at a VERY FINE ANGLE. (from the Applied Rulings section) The term "fine angle" used in Rule 1-30-2 is often referred to in various other ways, including the common terms "thinning", "feathering", "sharp cut" or "barely grazing". However, when attempting to avoid a foul by complying with the provisions of the rule, there is not necessarily a particular angle that will guarantee a legal shot in any given circumstance. Whether a shot of this type is legal is affected by several factors, and the referee's judgment is final.
Cool video. Thanks for sharing. You're right, it looks just like one of the double hits in the video. One point of interest is even at 1000 frames per second it only barely double hits the cue ball. It is impossible to "see" a double hit like that with your eyes. So, realistically, is the only way to determine foul based on the cue ball going forward before it comes back?