You'll see a lot of big breakers actually bend the shaft, sometimes severely, against the table. But they are not driving the tip into the table.
They are standing tall over the ball, using their body slightly, sometimes striking slightly down on the ball (the CB will do a very small hop which helps it hit the rack, pop up, then squat in the middle of the table) but most of the reason is that they are following through very far. When you follow through very far, the butt comes up and the tip goes down but this is at the end of the stroke. The tip is not diving in a straight line into the cloth at peak speed so much as the ferrule is descending into the table as the tip reaches the end of travel after the CB is gone. A bit of a scraping sound is not all that unusual but if it's very loud or leaving raised fibers on the cloth they're doing it wrong.
It shouldn't do noticeable damage out of line with the typical lifetime of the cloth if the player knows what they're doing. Doesn't mean a fastidious pool room owner won't get antsy about an amateur 'learning' to execute this style of big break and getting rough with his equipment.