My father use to play caroms when he was younger, we play once in a while in a hall called New Wave in miami, Florida...Its the only place I know that has carom tables.
The difference between carom tables and pool tables is that they have no pockets, and they have heated cushions(so they can stay soft).
Basically, there are 3 balls of different colors(red, yellow, white).
You get one ball(red) and your opponent gets the yellow one.
Break: You break from the head spot with your ball(the other 2 balls are placed at the foot spot across from each other.
Object of the game is to hit caroms with your ball(your ball must hit both balls in one stroke), each carom is a point you continue until you miss a carom, then its your opponents turn. Each carom is worth one point, the game ends when you reach a certain amount of caroms(I usually play race to 50).