But pour foams are pretty much the only theoretical way to get a shaft evenly filled isn't it? Spray foams might leave random air pockets even with a long nozzle.
Pardon my questions, I'm not a cue builder or woodworker by any means. Just interested in how things are built, and I've been intrigued how seemingly readily available carbon fiber shafts are now. I'm currently getting a blank finished in China, in the process of getting a Tomahawk ferrule down there to have it completed, just not sure how the playability will turn out. A month ago, I got a shaft from China too for about 70 shipped, weighed in at 4.2oz, 13mm conical taper with a phenolic plate and tip(separate), but the shaft was considerably hollow with a tink sound on impact(perhaps some fill foam might help?).
Back to the foam, is 4lb foam density considered low density?
It's another challenge(for me) to know how far up the shaft the foam will expand to. Needs lots of testing.
I don't consider this my area of expertise. But yes there is a lot trial and error involved (in all aspects of cue making for that matter). I think 4 to 8lb pour foams are the standard. Some builders and manufacturers use different densities along the length of the shaft to reduce endmass while also providing the desired weight. You can find images of cut apart revos for example. The length and type of the joint plug can also be varied to change the weight and balance.