I can now draw trajectories of pool balls in a video clip!

Nice thread resurrection! I missed this one. This is my jam to a T.

Lens distortion can make balls appear as ovals and fall out of the bounds of a radius filter of the hough transform applied to circles.

For a fixed camera, finding the diamonds in the image can be used to make a transform to correct the lens aberrations. Using the safe assumption that the diamonds need to form four lines along the rails in an undistorted image. I am unaware of a standalone filter premade for this, but I haven't looked in a while.

With even intensity and hue illumination, color filters could be manually adjusted for ball identification for the solid balls. The stripes get trickier.
 
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