Looks like an acme maybe 3/8x10, but I've never seen one in brass.
Will the shaft for it screw on to a regular 3/8x10?
The shafts for a regular 3/8x10 should not screw on to this butt.
Acme screw. Used for power transmission. Found on machinery to move loads. Invented in late nineteenth century because it is easier to machine than square thread profile.
It has a lot of value in cue making, but shouldn't ever be used in a pool cue.