It's Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 6.
The percussion instrument depicted is known simply as "Hammer & Box" or sometimes "Box Gerät". A large wooden mallet is used to strike a large wooden box or surface, sometimes called a "Dramer Box" or "Sledgehammer Box".
It is designed to create a powerful, dull sound which is supposed to symbolize the crushing blows of fate in the symphony. Mahler called for as many as 5 hammer blows, but that can vary by conductor. I'm not sure which performance is depicted in the picture.