The minimum shaft length is 40 inches. If the cue is made from a shaft that is longer or equal to 40 inches then it is legal. Some places also have a minimum weight of 5 oz. Not many American cues have long front shafts , as they do not fit well into the 31 inch cases.
I am not sure of the tip diameter rule, as I have seen jump cues with tips larger than 14 mm.
The BCA does have rules available , but not all abide by them.
Some places are now not allowing phenolic tip break or jump cues.
As to the logic behind this is beyond me. I heard it was due to table damage, but a leather tip incorrectly used can tear a felt just as well as phenolic.
Hope this helps you , Neil Lickfold