For the record... USA versus Germany population is 337 million to 83 million. Approximately 4 to 1 population advantage, which if the medal wins were proportional, means USA should have 120 medals to Germany's 30. America's GDP per capita versus Germany's, is about 25% more, as well. When taking both money and population into account, Germany swings above it's weight, as compared to USA.
And both China and Germany have an average of 1 medal per 2.2 million people of population, where America's is 1 per 2.9 million. And USA GDP outstrips total China GDP by approximately 33%, which outpopulates America ~ 4 to 1. Just saying this to illustrate that pure medal count doesn't count for much, without taking into account how a population uses it's money and population, re: Olympics medal wins.
These countries are either more motivated, or spend their training money better. Note: medal "count" as a pure number doesn't mean much (as China has far more medal..). Whereas medal count average per total population, or per dollar per Capita GDP are much more accurate measurements. Some countries do a lot more, with a lot less.