rule says...
I got these here:
http://www.bca-pool.com/play/tournaments/rules/rls_gen.shtml
3.8 CUE BALL ON OPENING BREAK
The opening break shot is taken with cue ball in hand behind the head string. The object balls are positioned according to specific game rules. On the opening break, the game is considered to have commenced once the cue ball has been struck by the cue tip
3.9 DEFLECTING THE CUE BALL ON THE GAME’S OPENING BREAK
On the break shot, stopping or deflecting the cue ball after it has crossed the head string and prior to hitting the racked balls is considered a foul and loss of turn. The opponent has the option of receiving cue ball in hand behind the head string or passing the cue ball in hand behind the head string back to the offending player. (Exception: 9-Ball, see rule 5.3: “cue ball in hand anywhere on the table”). A warning must be given that a second violation during the match will result in the loss of the match by forfeiture. (See Rule 3.28.)
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OK, now the exception for 9-ball is here:
http://www.bca-pool.com/play/tournaments/rules/rls_9bl.shtml
...but I think they mean 5.4 (so I copied both)...
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5.3 ORDER OF BREAK
Winner of the lag has the option to break. In 9-Ball, the winner of each game breaks in the next, unless otherwise specified by the tournament organizer. The following are common options that may be designated by tournament officials in advance:
(a) Players alternate break.
(b) Loser breaks.
(c) Player trailing in game count breaks the next game.
5.4 LEGAL BREAK SHOT
The rules governing the break shot are the same as for other shots except:
1. The breaker must strike the1-ball first and either pocket a ball or drive at least four numbered balls to the rail.
2. If the cue ball is pocketed or driven off the table, or the requirements of the opening break are not met, it is a foul, and the incoming player has cue ball in hand anywhere on the table.
3. If on the break shot, the breaker causes an object ball to jump off the table, it is a foul and the incoming player has cue ball in hand anywhere on the table. The object ball is not re-spotted (exception: if the object ball is the 9-ball, it is re-spotted).
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So, I make it that in all games OTHER THAN 9-ball, the game starts when the cue-ball has been struck by the tip; if the requirements for a legal break are not met, then the opponent has the option.
In 9-ball, it appears you have to hit the 1-ball for the game to begin, so I make it that if you haven't hit the 1-ball, the game hasn't begun, UNLESS the CB is pocketed or off the table - in which case the opponent has BIH.
What doesn't seem to be very well-covered is the case where the CB hits some ball other than the 1-ball. By definition, the game wouldn't have started, but also the requirements for a legal break wouldn't have been met...
If you interpret this as the game hasn't started, then I would think it is re-rack and do-over for the breaker; If you interpret this a failure to meet the requirements of the break shot, then it would be the opponent has BIH.
In other words, these rules don't seem all that clear to me! No wonder there are arguments over this one!