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The Rules of Play
4. 14.1 (Straight Pool)
4.9 Standard Fouls
If the shooter commits a standard foul, a point is subtracted from his score,
balls are spotted as necessary, and play passes to his opponent.
The cue ball remains in position except as noted below.
The following are standard fouls at 14.1:
6.1 Cue Ball Scratch or off the Table The cue ball is in hand behind the head string (see 1.5 Cue Ball in Hand).
6.3 No Rail after Contact
6.4 No Foot on Floor
6.5 Ball Driven off the Table (All object balls driven off the table are respotted.)
6.6 Touched Ball
6.7 Double Hit / Frozen Balls
6.8 Push Shot
6.9 Balls Still Moving
6.10 Bad Cue Ball Placement
6.11 Bad Play from Behind the Head String For a foul under the second paragraph of 6.11, the cue ball is in hand behind the head string for the incoming player.
6.12 Cue Stick on the Table
6.13 Playing out of Turn
6.15 Slow Play
6.11 Bad Play from Behind the Head String
When the cue ball is in hand behind the head string, and the first ball the cue
ball contacts is also behind the head string, the shot is a foul unless the cue
ball crosses the head string before that contact. If such a shot is intentional,
it is unsportsmanlike conduct.
The cue ball must either cross the head string or contact a
ball in front of or on the head string or the shot is a foul, and the cue ball is in
hand for the following player according to the rules of the specific
game.