Sure. There is a lot published, but this paper is good, giving reviews and meta analyses of previously published research:
Superiority of external attentional focus for motor performance and learning: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Highlights from the abstract below.
As you will see, the research shows that focusing what you want the balls to do ('
External Focus' or '
EF') works better than focusing on what your body has to do to make it happen, how and where to hit the cue ball (
'Internal Focus' or '
IF'). This is true both for experts wanting to play well ('
performance' of those with high '
skill expertise') and for non-experts trying to learn the game ('
retention learning' - reproducing what you were practicing yesterday - '
transfer learning' - practicing one type of shot improves the way you perform a different, but similar, shot).
From the Abstract:
"... We report the results of comprehensive meta-analyses that address the impact of an external focus (EF, on intended movement effects) versus internal focus (IF, on movements of body parts) of attention on the performance and learning of motor skills. ... The EF condition was more effective than the IF condition for performance... retention learning, ... and transfer learning
.... neither age group, health status, or skill level, nor their two-way interactions, moderated the ES differences between EF and IF in performance, retention, and transfer models...
... A secondary analysis ...that examined the effects of EF versus IF on electromyographic outcomes of motor performance also indicated that EF was associated with more efficient neuromuscular processing
... performance measured by behavioral outcomes was found to be more effective when a more distal, rather than proximal, EF was used
Overall, the meta-analytic results are consistent with prior narrative reviews and indicate that an external focus is superior to an internal focus whether considering tests of motor performance or learning, and regardless of age, health condition, and level of skill expertise."