Cataract surgery is NOT the same as lasik, etc
Cataract surgery is not the same as corrective laser eye surgery (lasik, etc). There is no relationship between the two. In the latter, a laser is used to actually reshape parts of the eye to correct vision problems such as nearsightedness (myopia) and farsightedness (hyperopia). This is much more complicated than, and very different from, cataract surgery. Cataract surgery is delicate but not terribly complicated. Cataracts affect about 60% of the US population over the age of 60, and one to two million cataract operations are done annually in the US alone.
Cataracts are caused by the fluid in the eye's lens gradually (usually) becoming opaque ("milky") which blocks and scatters light coming through the lens. It is treated by replacing the lens with an artificial "plastic" one. The modern method removes the lens from the capsule that contains it, while the older one removed the lens with its capsule. The older method is very rare now. The procedure is quite straightforward, and takes about half an hour. I've had both eyes done, the second one about six months ago. In both cases, I got to the hospital about 0800 and left about 1300. The vast majority of that time was spent simply waiting, and then in pre-op and post-op care.
I know nothing about Canada's medical system. In the US, medical insurance and Medicare will not pay for the procedure until some specific (but unclear to me) degree of visual acuity is lost in the affected eye(s).
The biggest problem is choosing the replacement lens. Your natural lens "bends" to change the focal length of the lens which allows you to see clearly both close up and at a distance. It's this flexibility that is lost as we age and usually causes us to become progressively more farsighted, thus needing reading glasses, etc. The artificial replacement lenses cannot be adjusted by the eye muscles to allow focal length changes (yet - being able to do this is the holy grail for replacement lens manufacturers and they are working on it very hard). There are two fundamental types of replacement lenses: monofocus and multifocus.
Monofocus lenses are somewhat akin to "single vision" glasses. They have a fixed focal length, most commonly chosen (by the patient) to provide glasses-free distance vision. You use normal glasses for reading, etc. Contacts can be used, also. In the US, Medicare and most medical insurance will pay only for this type of replacement.
Multifocus lenses have a somewhat limited ability to allow you to focus at both near and far distances. There are several ways of doing this, resulting in several types/brands of lenses. Most opthamologists have a strong preference for a particular one. Exactly how well any of them work seems to me to be at least somewhat dependent on how good your vision was before the lens replacement, not counting the problem the cataract caused. That last sentence is my own inference from various sources of information, not something that was told to me directly. These lenses are much more expensive than the monofocus type. They also seem to make the process of getting the correct "prescription", and perhaps the surgery itself, slightly more difficult. In my case, the total cost beyond what insurance and Medicare would pay was $3K, whereas using a monofocus lens would have cost me nearly nothing. This was true for both eyes (the first was done about three years ago). Whether it was actually worth the cost is still, and probably will remain, unclear to me.
You do need to be aware that your vision will not be the same as it was prior to the cataract forming. Some parts of it may be better, some parts may be worse, and some parts will probably just be different. One very common occurrence is seeing a "halo effect" around point light sources (e.g., distant lights at night). This generally lessens with time; in my case it still exists somewhat with both eyes, but not enough to bother me. (Personally, I believe the reduction in "noticeability" is caused as much by the brain learning to ignore the halo as by a reduction in the underlying cause.)
I chose the multifocus route because seeing clearly the front sight of a pistol was important, and it appeared to have the best chance to achieve that. It was at least partially successful. I can focus on the front sight about as well as I could before the cataract. I can now read most things without glasses which, I could not before the cataract. My low-light vision is somewhat worse than it was before the cataract, but much better than it was immediately before the operation. For pool, my sight is also about what it was before the cataract. I don't know whether this is a better result than could have been achieved with monofocus replacement lenses and contacts. Frankly, I have my doubts, but there's no reasonable way to be certain one way or the other.