I would say the start of the way you aim would be done consciously. Getting to the point when you pull the trigger is done subconsciously. Feel and knowledge gained through trial an error would play a big part to the subconscious part of aiming.
Just my opinion.
You're a guitarist. Wouldn't you say it's similar to the way you learn to play the blues?
First you learn your pentatonic major scale: 1-4, 1-3, 1-3, 1-3, 1-4, 1-4. You practice it over and over again, even though it doesn't sound like music. Then you learn four more finger patterns to play the same scale, and you practice them until you have them. Then you start working on your pentatonic minor scales until you perfect them. This is your "aiming system" for the guitar. And thankfully, there's not a million of them to choose from. Lol
Next you start to try to apply these scales to some music, so you play along to some Albert King, and sure enough, these scales fit right into the music, just like you were promised. But it doesn't sound too good, and you still have to think about where your fingers are, and where they are going. Then one day you pick the damn thing up, put on some early Clapton, and it just comes out of you. Not perfectly, not every line, but you're doing it without thinking, even though your fingers are going to the same notes in those scales you've been practicing.
If you keep it up and play 12 hours a day (like I did in my misspent youth), you may finally arrive at a point where the notes and chords just flow from your mind directly to your fingers. Your tone gets better, your picking gets precise, your string bends get tastier, your rhythm gets rock solid, and your solos, well... they just kick ass.
Or...
You can just pick the damn thing up, put on some Stevie Ray, crank the amp to 11, and try to play along... for years, usually.
Either method works fine, but it is usually the former method that is taught professionally, and the latter method when you teach yourself. Which guys play better? Well, technically, the method guys are usually the best, but their music often seems to lack those ethereal qualities like "soul" and "style" and "creativity". Are these useful things for a pool player to have? Don't ask me, I'm self-taught in both.