Military pilots that do long bombing runs are given Provigil. In fact the company that makes it gave a talk to the company that I used to work for about it, as our company was going to possible manufacture it for them.
This drug allows the pilots to stay awake for days straight if needed, without any sleepiness. I've heard that it was used for B2 pilots that took off from the USA to do then fly to Iraq and do bombing runs.
If someone uses that drug and stays awake for a couple of days, the body then does need to make up that sleep at a later date and people are known to sleep for something like 12 hours straight when immediately off of the drug.