Kicking with top/bottom spin

Me:
As this drawing shows, when the CB changes direction off the rail its spin does not change direction.
Robert:
That's not quite true. The component of the rotation that's perpendicular to the cushion gets noticably reduced from the contact with the rail (as we discussed in the clean vs dirty balls thread), while the parallel component doesn't. That means follow/draw direction after contact becomes more parallel to the cushion in all cases.

It doesn't change the qualitative nature of your nice diagram that much, but I think it's an interesting detail that's worth mentioning and helps builds better intuitions.

I'm glad you mention it, and I like the description "build better intuitions".

pj
chgo
 
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Donny, when you're trying to kick with a high degree of accuracy, do you prefer to use follow and try to judge how much the angle is going to widen, or do you prefer to use center-ball in an effort to achieve something closer to the geometric angle?

Thanks,
Aaron

Years ago I just kicked at the ball hard and tried to get lucky, but now I look at the kick as if I'm shooting at the ball (from the rail I kick at) to see where the balls will go on how hard I kick it.

On kicks that have very little angle I think I kick those with just above center ball (who the hell knows where centerball is anyway). Kicks with angles I always use a hair of outside ( unless it's one of those kicks that you need inside english, draw, or extreme outside.
 
... The component of the rotation that's perpendicular to the cushion ...
A small warning: physicists usually give the "direction" of rotation as the direction of the axis using the right hand rule. That means that the "direction" of follow on a ball headed away from you is to your left. A ball spinning in place with right english has an axis pointing up. A physicist would say that rotation perpendicular to a cushion is least affected by the cushion contact, while both the up/down spin and the parallel spin are significantly affected.
 
A small warning: physicists usually give the "direction" of rotation as the direction of the axis using the right hand rule. That means that the "direction" of follow on a ball headed away from you is to your left. A ball spinning in place with right english has an axis pointing up. A physicist would say that rotation perpendicular to a cushion is least affected by the cushion contact, while both the up/down spin and the parallel spin are significantly affected.

Yes, but since Patrick drew the "direction" of follow in line with the cue ball's motion, it was natural to keep the discussion in those terms. It's more natural to discuss billiards that way, as you've done many times yourself :)

Btw, for anyone attempting to read Coriolis, he used left-handed rotations in a right-handed coordinate system when deriving his equations. But in his beautiful constructions meant for intuitive understanding by less-techincal readers, he used vectors representing rotations in line with the motion just like we've been discussing in this thread. I think the important thing is to understand your convention and be consistent with it.

Robert
 
Good point. Here are some videos demonstrating the spin-changing effects for near straight-on kick shots:

Thanks for sharing those, Dr. Dave. How are you measuring COR in these videos, and do you have a model for how COR changes versus ball state as depicted in them? I don't see anything in the TPs on your site.

Robert
 
In your video NV 6.7, the setup for the demonstrated shot (4th diamond to 2nd diamond bank) is incorrect. The two balls aren't set-up on the 4 diamond to 2 diamond line. When you shoot the shot, your cue crosses the rail closer to 4 1/4 diamonds.
The video doesn't show the whole picture but even though the line from the CB to the OB is not be exactly 4 to 2 the OB could be hit on the 4 to 2 track.
 
Thanks for sharing those, Dr. Dave. How are you measuring COR in these videos
The video reporting COR values is:

I measured the ball speeds in (v_in) and out (v_out) of the rail by observing the time (T) it took to travel 1 ball diameter (D), with v = D/T.

COR = e = v_out / v_in​

and do you have a model for how COR changes versus ball state as depicted in them? I don't see anything in the TPs on your site.
I have not studied this. I think both the normal and tangential ("throwback") CORs can vary with speed, angle, spin, English, ball conditions, cloth conditions, cushion geometry, rail/cushion conditions, etc.

Regards,
Dave
 
In your video NV 6.7, the setup for the demonstrated shot (4th diamond to 2nd diamond bank) is incorrect. The two balls aren't set-up on the 4 diamond to 2 diamond line. When you shoot the shot, your cue crosses the rail closer to 4 1/4 diamonds.
In NV 6.7 - Bank low-speed effect, I am measuring "across from the diamonds," not "through the diamonds." For a slow rolling ball, "through the diamonds" works better, but to find the true angle-in-equals-angle-out reference, you must measure across from the diamonds in the rail groove (gutter). Obviously, this "reference" is not very useful if you don't know how to adjust for all of the kick and bank effects.

Regards,
Dave
 
Years ago I just kicked at the ball hard and tried to get lucky, but now I look at the kick as if I'm shooting at the ball (from the rail I kick at) to see where the balls will go on how hard I kick it.

On kicks that have very little angle I think I kick those with just above center ball (who the hell knows where centerball is anyway). Kicks with angles I always use a hair of outside ( unless it's one of those kicks that you need inside english, draw, or extreme outside.

Donny, if you keep dropping nuggets of knowledge, you're going to piss off the other pros, who hold on to their secrets like they're the only ones who deserve to know them.

Some of us greatly appreciate the wisdom you share here; I just wish more pros were as forthcoming as you.

Thanks, dude. :thumbup:
 
Kick into the rail with medium speed -

Bottom spin= shortens the angle coming off

Top spin= lengthens the angle coming off

James
 
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