Different players, different methods but I Stand behind the ball and imagine the arc the ball will take to the hole. Try to make the golf ball roll over something 1-2 feet out on that arc. The better players miss on the high side because the ball can fall in from the top side but never from the low side.
1-2 feet out on the arc is your "target". But since it was said there's no aiming in golf or pool (not by you) which is total BS, there are ways to AIM to the target and it must be done whether it's an intermediate target like yours factoring in slope and speed or the cup itself.
The primary way aiming takes place since the beginning of golf is with the putter face itself. Some players use entire face, the bottom base of the face and others use the top line of the face set either directly to the intermediate target, the cup, or outside the cup once the amount of break is calculated or guessed in many cases.
Many putters have a line on top of the face or behind it to aim at the target and many players do.
Your putter, the Odyssey two ball is a great aiming putter which ends up being a three ball putter with the real ball lined up in front the other two at address.
Putter design over the years has really made aiming easier and more accurate. A number of putters by different manufacturers have two prongs attached on the right and left side back of the putter which frames the ball and target accurately.
A favorite on tour now is the Taylormade putter used by Dustin Johnson, Jason Day, and John Rahm which has beautiful lines to make aiming more accurate.
Adam Scott has a putter made by Titleist which looks like an alien space ship but also easy and accurate to aim.
And then we have the ball itself to aim. Some ingenious experimenter a few years back designed a plastic cover with a slit in it to go over the golf ball and then run a Sharpie into the slit to draw a line around half the golf ball.
Many of the pros now use the line on the ball to accurately set it up to the cup or inside or outside for the break. They do it so painstakingly perfect that it's a pain in the arse to watch how long it takes for them to fidget around with it.
So YES, there's a helluva lot of aiming in golf just like pool.
Just to make something clear, what I posted about golf so it's not thought I'm a know it all or a great golfer, I'm not!
I'm a mid to high 80 player which gives me no right to tell the world all about golf as far as what's right or wrong. So I didn't.
I contacted a very good friend that lives out of state who has been a top teaching pro for over 3 decades and super player to address aiming in the full swing and putting.
Everything I posted is from him who has been entrusted by other pros to help with their games.
If you don't agree, so be it. The nature of forums. However, he would be more than willing to play anyone here for a friendly $500 Nassau with automatic 2 down presses. Your choice of match or medal play. If you want to add to it, $10 for long drive on par 4's and 5's; greenies; closest to the pin on par 3's.
And if the distance is too far from where you/he lives, he knows other pros all over the country who would be more than willing to step in and accept your challenge.
Just throwing it out there for any interested takers/non aimers who think they have the game and something to prove.
That's it for the golf stuff. I don't want to take up his time any more and I'm not exactly qualified.