Walt in VA said:
I am not confusing anything - YOU are confusing a push shot with a double hit foul. They are not the same.
I agree with Teacherman and your last paragraph - what the balls do will tell the story to a watcher who knows what he is looking at.
BTW, push-outs are certainly allowed in 9-ball; just not in APA 9-ball.
Walt in VA
Walt, did you read the section in your manual? If you don't have a rule book with ya, you can go to the following link and read it on-line.
http://www.poolplayers.com/materials.html.
I'll even save you the effort.
PUSH SHOTS: A push shot involves a situation where the cue ball
is frozen or nearly frozen to the object ball. The problem faced by the
shooter is to keep from pushing or keeping the tip of the cue on the
cue ball. It looks bad and is generally thought of as illegal. Push
shots are controversial. Push shots will not be called in this amateur
League. Even the professional players cannot agree about what is and
isn't a push shot. In general, you can lessen your chances of being
accused of shooting a push shot if you elevate the butt of your cue
about 30 degrees. This automatically cuts down the length of the
follow through which is the principal cause of a push shot. Players
who repeatedly guide the cue ball with force through object balls that
are frozen or nearly frozen to the cue ball, using a level cue and long
follow through, may be subject to a sportsmanship penalty.
As I said, 9 ball was a different issue. All the posts that I was referring to were in regards to APA and thus answered them accordingly.
PUSH-OUT: ...Pushing-out involves announcing the intent to push-out, and
then shooting the cue ball to a new position. The shooter doesn’t need to
satisfy the legal shot rule (driving a ball to a rail after a legal hit).... Normal game rules apply from that point
on. Push-outs are fairly standard in pro events and in the U.S. Amateur
(conducted by the APA); however, APA rules for all handicapped
competition does not allow push-outs because they give the more highly
skilled player a big advantage, for obvious reasons.
This should clarify the difference between a Push Shot and a Push Out. As you can see by definition a double hit foul is a form of Push Shot. If you still see some ambiguities, then there probably won't be much else I can do to clarify it any further. Feel free to pursue the matter through other avenues (friends, league players, league operator, or through national representatives).