Pantograph? I dunno, but drills, chisels, razors, and other hand instruments have certainly been used to make very complex designs.
http://www.palmercollector.com/InlayPage.html
As for the type of design in the Samsara you posted, such multilayered butterflies have certainly been done with saws. I believe those are multiple veneered butterfly splices, not inlays, to get that effect. Could be wrong.
I am not certain but I believe Ron Daniels (Twisted Turtle) does his amazing designs with traditional woodworking tools and not CNC.
http://forums.azbilliards.com/showthread.php?t=322614
Yes, I agree that it is certainly possible and there are examples to prove it. I also recall the amazing work by Daniels. The Samsara cue is a form of intarsia and was employed to create the faux butterfly look.
My point is that taking a hand-made approach to some of the higher end cues we are seeing today would be impractical and cost prohibited. And yes, I would be very surprised if such hand-made work could stand up under the same level of visual scrutiny that these current cues are subject to. I'm specifically referring to cues having hundreds of pockets and inlays.
I only mentioned pantograph before because it had been mentioned earlier. IMO, Andy Gilbert has been the most successful in pushing that system to its limit. Once you exceed that point, you'll need another cue maker who works well with cnc.
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