Joe,
Friction from a 3" long surface area foot print of the collet ID and holding pressure on the back chuck when doing a pin. On butt work and A joint work, the taper holds the part and gets tighter when you apply drill pressure because of the taper angle.
Side Note:
Just watched the Kamui video. You don't want to work a lathe with long sleeves. Not a good practice. It will bite you with one false move.
Rick Geschrey
Another option is to make a new spindle for your lathe,or an adapter to fit the existing, easy enough if it is a Taig type lathe. I made mine and it takes ER40 collets, I added a location pin to the collet system.So the collets locate radially ,with the pin about 1/2 way down the collet length.I make blanks and final bore them as needed.
I have 2 types of collets, the disstortion type and the split type.
My ones are made of plastic, I can also use the metal ER collets.I have those in 29-30mm and the 25-26mm.These can also take sleeves of different sizes to suite, so you are not changeing out the collet.
The sleeves are parallel on the outside and suite whatever is needed on the inside. As long as the shaft or whatever is being held, is a close fit to the inside of the sleeve, and the sleeve is concentric, it will be true.
People think that just because they turned the od and the id that the sleeve is concentric. But this is not true. There is stress in the materials and stress introduced into the materials from the machining process itself.
So they need to be rough bored, ruf od, finish od finish bore. If the drill is not sharp enough or it gets too hot, wrong speed etc, stress is put into the material, same for the id and od tools.Place a dti on the id and od to check that the needle is frozen. If not, you have done something wrong somewhere.
I made an adapter to put the 39.6x32 threaded chucks onto the lathe as needed. I have found that running it as a collet lathe to be more usefull than using it as a chucking lathe.
The repeatability is within the limits of accuracy of the spindle bearing assembly and how it is adjusted.
This is not for everyone of course, but just another option.