I like the fact that you have them set up in a straight line, but I think there's a problem with placing them accurately along that line. At least you haven't indicated how to do that. An alternative is here:
http://ww2.netnitco.net/users/gtech/CircleDrill.jpg
Here the object balls are placed on a circle going from the side pocket to the corner pocket (intersection of the adjacent cushions). The cueball is shot perpendicular to the end cushion. The offset in which to hit each OB is the same as its location across the width of the table. In other words, the OB at one diamond from the bottom cushion, which is one-quarter way across the table, is hit at an offset of 1/4 ball (3/4 full).
Hitting from medium to brisk speed with full follow or draw all but eliminates throw, so the ball should come close to center pocket when shot that way.
Since the goal is not to sink balls but to memorize the OB's direction when hit at each offset, it would be better to move the whole setup one diamond up table and make the first diamond the target. That way you're concentrating on the OB's direction and not on pocketing the ball. The target is there just to confirm that you're hitting the OB consistently. Also, you get an automatic ball return.
It would help to have your own table to mark up, but a cue stick can be used to set the balls in position.
Another alternative is to just place the CB and OB at various intersections of the diamonds and use some diamond or pocket as a target. You won't be getting offsets in neat 1/8'th ball increments, but is that important?
Just some thoughts. Maybe you can come up with an easy way to position the balls along that line in your diagram.
Jim