With all due respect I don't really think that 8 ball scenario can even remotely be compared to this situation. Perhaps in the 8 ball game if the player shot at his ball and thought it were pocketed when it wasn't and then continued shooting, that would be more of a comparison.
Here are my thoughts on it ....
You said you were in a "match". Was this a private game? A tournament? That of course offers the foundation of the answer.
A tournament, you ask the tournament director.
Private, it would seem to me that you agree to reset (as close as possible) the rack prior to the error and then continue with the original shooter re attempting to break open the rack.
Or ... if it is determined that this would constitute an unfair second attempt at an already missed shot, or if a money game and an agreement can't be reached. It is common practice that even in cue ball foul only situations, when more than one object ball is disturbed, it is a foul.
Balls pocketed on a foul don't count, so at this point, you either set the pocketed balls on the string line, deduct one point and play from this position, or if it were too far along in the rack, deduct a point for the foul and have the offending player re-break.
Then, call the bar maid and order a couple of mugs of Geritol and hope it doesn't happen again.