Actually, a stunned non-frozen ball can throw as much as a frozen ball as long as the CB and OB gear together during contact.Yes, static friction (frozen balls) is stronger than kinetic friction (moving balls), so frozen balls throw more, but that doesn't mean moving balls don't throw - the difference is only fractional. It may also be that the force of the collision adds enough friction to make up the difference (I'm not sure about this).
See Diagram 1 in my Sept '06 BD article dealing with cut-induced throw (CIT). For cut angles less than about 35 degrees, a slow, stunned, non-frozen ball will throw the same amount as a frozen ball. And below about 20 degrees, speed has no effect!
See Diagram 1 in my Dec '06 BD article dealing with spin-induced throw (SIT). For English amounts less than about 50%, a slow, direct hit, non-frozen, stun shot will throw as much as a frozen ball. And below about 25% English, speed has no effect!
Regards,
Dave
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